Table 2.
Analysis of variance (ANOVA) of child engagement by parental involvement.
| Engagement | Mean Engagement | F-Value |
| Between groups | 6.8 | 8.841 |
| Within groups | 9.85 | |
| Note. p<.05*,p<.01**,p<.001*** |
The dependent variable for this ANOVA is engagement of the child. Engagement of the family was measured on a scale from 1 to 10. While the independent variable for this ANOVA is parental involvement. Parental involvement was measured through various amounts of time spent on the emotional flip-book activity which was then recoded into two groups, “between groups” and “within groups.” According to the ANOVA results, The mean parent engagement score for between groups was 4.7 out of 10 and the mean parent engagement score for between groups-families was 2.012 out of 10. The F-value was 8.841 and it is significant at the .05 level. Therefore, the mean parent involvement is significantly different.