Chi-Square

Table 1. Chi-square of parent engagement by income.

EngagementLow IncomeMiddle IncomeHigh IncomeTotal
Not Engaged4048
Engaged2812444
Chi-Square   9.75**

Note: p<.05*, p<.01**, p<.001***

The dependent variable for this chi-square was parent engagement. This was asked through the responses of “Not Engaged” and “Engaged”. The independent variable for this chi-square was family household income. Respondents were placed into categories based on their responses, the categories were “Low Income”, “Middle Income”, and “High Income”. There were 44 total responses for families reporting that they were engaged with their child, while only eight families reported as being not engaged with their child. Four low income families identified their household as being not engaged, while 28 low income families identified their household as being engaged with their child. There were zero middle income families that identified themselves as being not engaged, while 12 families identified their household as being engaged with their child. Four high income families identified their household as being not engaged, while four high income families also reported their household as being engaged with their child. According to the chi-square (chi square= 9.75) there is significance at the .01 level between family’s household incomes and the rate of parent engagement.