Chi-Square

Table 1. Chi-square of parental enjoyment by education                                                                                                       

Enjoyment                Less than college           College or more            Total
   Low Enjoyment              8                                         12                           20
   High Enjoyment          19                                          24                      43
Chi square                                                                                                 0.098
Note p<0.05*, p<0.01**, p<0.001***

The dependent variable for this chi-square was enjoyment. This was measured on a scale of 0-10, where 0 is little enjoyment and 10 is high enjoyment. The breaks that determine low enjoyment and high enjoyment is 0-7 for low and 8-10 for high. The independent variable, education, was split into two groups: “less than college” and “college or more”. The less-than-college group consists of some high school, high school diploma/GED, and trade/vocational school certification. The college or more group consists of some college, associate degree, bachelor’s degree, and graduate degree or more. There were 20 total people who aligned with the low enjoyment group, 8 of which were less than college and 12 were college or more. This means that the college or more group demonstrated higher levels of low enjoyment than their less than college counterparts. There were 43 total people who aligned with the high enjoyment, 19 of which were less than college and 24 were college or more. This means that the college or more group demonstrated higher levels of high enjoyment than their less than college counterparts. However, according to the results of the chi-square test for this group – 0.098, there is no significance. Therefore, there is no significant difference in levels of enjoyment based on educational attainment.